American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) Practice Exam

The macro genetic effect is considered less impactful in canine impaction according to recent studies. Research indicates that while genetics can play a role in various orthodontic conditions, specific macro genetic factors—such as broader population genetics or familial predispositions—have not been shown to significantly contribute to the incidence of canine impaction.

In contrast, environmental factors, micro effects, and dental hygiene are generally recognized as more influential. Environmental factors, like dental arch space and developmental issues, can directly affect the positioning of canines in their sockets. Micro effects, which involve localized genetic influences or variations affecting tooth formation and eruption, can also play a crucial role in whether canines become impacted. Additionally, dental hygiene practices are vital for overall oral health and can influence the positioning and health of the teeth. Thus, while genetics, in general, has a contribution, the specific impact of macro genetics is relatively minimal compared to these other factors.