American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) Practice Exam

The type of enamel condition characterized by a mottled appearance and soft enamel is hypomaturation. In hypomaturation, enamel develops with a normal amount of protein but with a reduced mineral content, leading to the softness observed in the enamel. This condition creates a characteristic appearance that can present as discolored areas, often with a sheen, and can be more susceptible to wear and acid dissolution than normal enamel.

The mottled appearance is a key feature of hypomaturation, and this can be confused with conditions like fluorosis. However, fluorosis typically results from excessive fluoride during enamel formation and presents with a different texture and surface quality than hypomaturation. The presence of soft enamel is particularly notable in hypomaturation, differentiating it from other conditions where the enamel may be more hypoplastic or less calcified, but not necessarily soft in texture.